The following list Traditional Birthstones carries forward traditions heralding back to at least the 15th century.

The List of Modern Birthstones is comprised of the same information found in the official list of the American National Association of Jewelers, Jewelers of America. These gemstones were officially adopted in 1912; in the US, this is an accepted list. Some of the alternative stones are also prevalent in the United Kingdom, and in other various parts of Europe.